Haussmann's renovation of Paris between 1853 and 1870 was commissioned by Napoleon III and resulted in the creation of the magnificent tree-lined boulevards so characteristic of Paris.
The aim of Haussmann's work was not merely to beautify the city - the objectives were to address the problems of rampant over-crowding and the resulting spread of disease, to improve traffic flow and also to ensure the rapid deployment of emergency services, the police and the army. Haussmann was dismissed by Napoleon III in 1870, but the work on his projects continued until 1927.
I am sure that some Parisians (when stuck in traffic - in an embouteillage) must feel it is perhaps time for another "Haussmann" renovation!
OJ
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